Department of Communication Arts
	Research	Links	Streaming Examples

CONTENTS

I hope to have these links updated very soon.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. <>iii

LIST OF TABLES. <>viii

LIST OF FIGURES. <>ix

ABSTRACT. <>x

I. INTRODUCTION TO THE PROBLEM... <>1

Introduction. <>1

Purpose of the Study. <>3

Research Questions. <>3

Significance of the Study. <>4

Assumptions. <>4

Limitations of the Study. <>4

Definition of Terms. <>5

Organization of the Study. <>6

II. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. <>8

Introduction. <>8

Overview of Streaming Video Technologies. <>8

Overview of Methods for Streaming Video. <>10

Overview of Streaming Video Software. <>13

Streaming Video Research. <>15

Overview of Streaming Video Practices. <>18

Streaming Video Practices in Education. <>19

Streaming Video Practices in Corporate Communication. <>24

Streaming Video Practices in News and Information Dissemination. <>25

Streaming Video Practices in Entertainment <>27

Research on the Effectiveness of Web-Based Instruction. <>29

Research on the Effectiveness of Video in Non-Streaming                          Video Applications  <>34

Overview of Video Technologies. <>34

Research on the Effectiveness of Video in Educational Applications. <>37

Research on Broadcast Television in Education. <>44

Research on Videocassettes in Education. <>44

Research on the Combination of Videocassettes and Computers in    Education. <>46

Research on Two-Way Interactive Television in Education. <>50

Research on Computer-Based Video in Education. <>58

Factors that Impact the Usability of Streaming Video. <>64

Factors Related to the Comprehension of Images. <>64

Factors Related to Video Compression. <>66

Factors Relating to Audio Quality. <>69

Chapter Summary. <>70

III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.. <>71

Introduction. <>71

Research Population and Sample. <>72

Research Design. <>73

Data Collection. <>74

Demographics. <>74

Achievement <>74

Qualitative Research. <>74

Procedure. <>76

Instruments. <>77

Web-Based Data Collection Forms. <>77

Web-Based Tutorial <>78

Streaming Video Clip Production. <>79

Interview Procedure. <>80

Pilot Study. <>80

Data Analysis. <>81

Chapter Summary. <>82

IV. RESULTS. <>83

Introduction. <>83

Sample. <>84

Demographic Data. <>84

Achievement Scores. <>86

Beliefs Survey. <>86

Research Questions. <>88

Research Question One. <>88

Research Question Two. <>89

Research Question Three. <>92

Research Question Four <>94

Subject 1 Interview.. <>94

Subject 2 Interview.. <>95

Subject 3 Interview.. <>97

Subject 4 Interview.. <>100

Additional Analyses. <>103

Results of Pearson’s R Correlation Between Demographics and Beliefs. <>103

Interview With Comparison Subject <>105

Chapter Summary. <>107

V. DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS. <>109

Introduction. <>109

Summary of the Demographic Data. <>109

Research Question One. <>112

Research Question Two. <>113

Research Question Three. <>118

Research Question Four <>119

Questions Targeted to the Streaming Video Treatment Group. <>121

Questions About Web-Based Instruction in General <>123

Additional Analyses. <>125

Pearson’s r Correlations for Demographic Characteristics and Beliefs. <>125

Analysis of Interview with Comparison Subject <>126

Streaming Video Production Notes. <>127

Video Production Notes. <>128

Processing of Clips for Streaming. <>131

Limitations. <>133

Conclusions. <>135

Research Question One. <>135

Research Question Two. <>136

Research Question Three. <>138

Research Question Four <>139

Recommendations. <>142

REFERENCES. <>148

APPENDIX

A.  INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMED CONSENT. <>157

Text-Only, No Streaming Videos Treatment Group. <>158

Streaming Videos Available Treatment Group. <>159

B.   CRITERION-BASED ACCESS 2000 KNOWLEDGE PRE-TEST. <>161

Database Skills Pre-test <>162

C.  ACCESS 2000 WEB-BASED TUTORIAL. <>164

Text-Only, No Streaming Videos Treatment Group. <>165

Streaming Video Enhanced Treatment Group Tutorial <>166

D.  STREAMING VIDEO BELIEFS SURVEY.. <>177

Streaming Video Beliefs Survey. <>178

E.  CRITERION-BASED ACCESS 2000 KNOWLEDGE POST-TEST. <>180

Database Skills Post-test <>181

F.  INTERVIEW INFORMED CONSENT FORM... <>182

G.  INTERVIEW QUESTIONS. <>184

Questions Asked Only To The Participants From The Streaming Video Treatment Group  <>185

Questions Asked To Participants From Both Treatment Groups. <>185

Questions Asked To The Subject Who Viewed Both Treatments. <>185

H.  SCRIPTS FOR STREAMING VIDEO CLIPS. <>187

Video and Audio Scripts for Streaming Video Clips. <>188

LIST OF TABLES

Table                                                                                                                                  Page

1..... Download Times for Modems. <>10

2..... Gender, Age, Academic College, Undergraduate/Graduate Status,                    Access Location, and Web Experience  <>85

3..... Achievement Scores. <>87

4..... Beliefs Survey Frequencies, Percentages, Measures of Central Tendency and Variation. <>87

5..... Treatment Group Mean Comparison Tests. <>89

6..... Crosstabs Comparison, Group 2 Demographics and Streaming Video Beliefs. <>90

7..... Results of One-Way ANOVA Comparisons of Demographic Characteristics and Pre-test and Post-test Scores  <>93

8..... Pearson’s R Correlations Group 2 Demographics with Streaming Video Beliefs. <>104

9..... Demographic Characteristics with Significant Chi-Square Differences on Belief Items. <>115

10... Results of One-Way ANOVA Comparisons of Demographic Characteristics and Pre-test and Post-test Scores  <>119

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure                                                                                                                                 Page

1. ... The effects of different resolutions on an image. Higher compression results in a lower resolution (Ohanion, 1993). <>68

2. ... Microsoft Access screen close up with subtitles. <>130

3. ... Screen shot of the data table as seen in the RealPlayer window. <>132

 4. .. Typical screen shot of the host in the RealPlayer window. <>133